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莎草科植物莎草的干燥根茎。归肝、脾、三焦经。为疏肝理气、调经止痛之要药，李时珍誉为气病之总司，女科之主帅。常与柴胡、川芎等相配以疏肝解郁。
偏于行气解郁，多用于胸胁胀痛
引药入肝，增强疏肝止痛之功，为调经止痛常用品
通经脉，多用于妇人经闭、瘀滞
止血，多用于崩漏下血
煎服6–10g。醋炙止痛力增强。
For educational reference only — not medical advice.
香附挥发油富含 α-香附酮等倍半萜类成分，具有解痉、镇痛、轻度雌激素样及抗炎作用，为传统调经止痛的主要活性基础。
Cyperus rhizome volatile oil is rich in sesquiterpenes such as alpha-cyperone, which confer smooth-muscle antispasmodic, analgesic, mild estrogenic and anti-inflammatory activities underlying its classical use for menstrual regulation and pain.
香附被称为『气病之总司，女科之主帅』，调理气机为其核心作用。
Bensky describes Xiang Fu as chief herb for qi disorders and gynecology, emphasizing its qi-regulating role.
药理研究提示香附具雌激素样作用，与其治疗妇科气滞证候的经验相符。
Chen & Chen note estrogen-like activity in pharmacological studies, consistent with empirical use in qi-stagnation gynecologic patterns.
《中国药典》规定以挥发油含量及 α-香附酮为质量控制指标。
The Chinese Pharmacopoeia uses volatile oil content and alpha-cyperone as quality markers.
This section is provided for academic reference only and does not constitute medical advice.
气虚无滞、阴虚血热者慎用。月经先期属血热者不宜。
现代研究未见明显毒性。气虚及阴虚血热者不宜单用，宜配伍补益或凉血之品。
治一切气疾，心腹胀满，胸膈噎塞，噫气吞酸，胃中痰逆呕吐及宿酒不解，不思饮食，香附子、缩砂仁、甘草为末，名快气汤。
@misc{bencaodian-xiang-fu,
author = {{Bencaodian Editorial}},
title = {Xiāng Fù 香附 (Cyperus Rhizome) — Cyperi Rhizoma},
year = {2026},
howpublished = {Bencao Dian: A Bilingual Knowledge Graph of Traditional Chinese Medicine},
url = {https://bencaodian.org/en/herbs/xiang-fu},
urldate = {2026-04-09},
note = {CC BY-SA 4.0}
}