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泻下攻积力强，清热泻火解毒
泻下力缓，善清上焦血分热毒，活血祛瘀
泻下力减，偏于活血祛瘀，多用于瘀血证
凉血化瘀止血
煎服3–15g；用于泻下通便宜后下(煎5–10分钟)或开水泡服；外用适量。研末吞服每次0.5–2g。
本平台仅供学术参考，不构成医疗建议。
大黄含蒽醌类（大黄酸、大黄素、芦荟大黄素）、番泻苷及鞣质，具有泻下、抗菌、抗炎、止血、利胆及一定抗肿瘤作用；泻下作用主要由番泻苷在结肠经细菌代谢释放。
Rhei Radix et Rhizoma contains anthraquinones (rhein, emodin, aloe-emodin), sennosides, and tannins, with stimulant laxative, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, hemostatic, choleretic, and some antineoplastic activity; the laxative effect is mediated by colonic bacterial conversion of sennosides to rheinanthrone.
WHO 专论收录大黄作为短期使用的刺激性泻药，并警告不宜长期使用以免电解质紊乱与结肠黑变病。
WHO monographs document Rhubarb as a short-term stimulant laxative and warn against chronic use due to risk of electrolyte disturbance and pseudomelanosis coli.
Brinker 提醒妊娠期、哺乳期及肠梗阻患者禁用大黄，长期使用可致低钾血症和依赖性。
Brinker notes contraindications in pregnancy, lactation, and bowel obstruction; chronic use can cause hypokalemia and laxative dependence.
Bensky 指出大黄后下（约 5–10 分钟）以保留泻下作用，久煎则鞣质成分突出，作用由泻转涩。
Bensky notes that Da Huang should be added late (5–10 min) to preserve its purgative action; prolonged decoction shifts the effect toward astringent due to tannin release.
本部分信息仅供学术参考，不构成医疗建议。
本品与下列西药存在文献记载之相互作用，点击查看详情、机制与临床建议。
妇人怀孕、月经期、哺乳期慎用或忌用。脾胃虚寒、血虚气弱及无实热积滞、瘀血者忌服。
苦寒攻下，易伤胃气。脾胃虚寒者不宜。孕妇、月经期、哺乳期妇女忌用或慎用。长期服用可致继发性便秘、结肠黑变病。大剂量可引起腹痛、腹泻、恶心呕吐。
味苦，寒。主下瘀血，血闭寒热，破癥瘕积聚，留饮宿食，荡涤肠胃，推陈致新，通利水谷，调中化食，安和五脏。
下品
@misc{bencaodian-da-huang,
author = {{Bencaodian Editorial}},
title = {Dà Huáng 大黄 (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome) — Rhei Radix et Rhizoma},
year = {2026},
howpublished = {Bencao Dian: A Bilingual Knowledge Graph of Traditional Chinese Medicine},
url = {https://bencaodian.org/zh/herbs/da-huang},
urldate = {2026-04-09},
note = {CC BY-SA 4.0}
}