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补肾生精，益肺阴之力较胜
健脾止泻作用增强，用于脾虚泄泻
煎服15–30g，大剂量可用至60–250g（张锡纯善用）；研末吞服每次6–10g；补阴宜生用，健脾止泻宜炒用
本平台仅供学术参考，不构成医疗建议。
山药（薯蓣）含甾体皂苷（薯蓣皂苷元、薯蓣皂苷）、粘液多糖、尿囊素与淀粉酶，现代研究显示其具降血糖、免疫调节、护肠黏膜及抗氧化作用，对应传统补脾养胃、生津益肺、补肾涩精之功。
Chinese yam contains steroidal saponins (diosgenin, dioscin), mucilage polysaccharides, allantoin, and amylases, with preclinical evidence for hypoglycemic, immunomodulatory, gastric mucosa-protective, and antioxidant effects, aligning with its traditional spleen-stomach tonifying and kidney-essence securing role.
Bensky 指出山药性平味甘，药食两用，为平补三焦之要药。
Bensky describes Shan Yao as neutral and sweet, both food and medicine, a key gentle tonic for all three jiao.
Chen & Chen 综述山药多糖在动物糖尿病模型中具降糖及改善胰岛素敏感性作用。
Chen & Chen summarize that yam polysaccharides lower blood glucose and improve insulin sensitivity in animal diabetes models.
本部分信息仅供学术参考，不构成医疗建议。
湿盛中满或有实邪积滞者不宜单用。
性味平和，一般无毒副作用。含尿囊素、薯蓣皂苷，对糖尿病有辅助降糖作用但不可替代药物。鲜品外敷偶见接触性皮炎。
味甘，温。主伤中，补虚羸，除寒热邪气，补中益气力，长肌肉。久服耳目聪明，轻身不饥延年。
上品
@misc{bencaodian-shan-yao,
author = {{Bencaodian Editorial}},
title = {Shān Yào 山药 (Chinese Yam) — Dioscoreae Rhizoma},
year = {2026},
howpublished = {Bencao Dian: A Bilingual Knowledge Graph of Traditional Chinese Medicine},
url = {https://bencaodian.org/zh/herbs/shan-yao},
urldate = {2026-04-09},
note = {CC BY-SA 4.0}
}