降低腥臭,便于研末
研末冲服每次1–3g;入汤剂3–6g。
以上为非妊娠成年人之参考范围;不构成个人处方建议。
本栏为保护性信息:指出何时应避用或须谨慎。所列类别不含剂量调整;妊娠、哺乳及儿科用药须由合格中医师或相应专科医师处理。
孕妇禁用。月经过多者禁用。有出血倾向者慎用。不宜与抗凝药同用。
水蛭含水蛭素,为强效抗凝成分,过量可致出血。孕妇、有出血倾向者禁用。不宜与抗凝药合用。
味咸,平。主逐恶血、瘀血、月闭,破血瘕积聚。
@misc{bencaodian-shui-zhi,
author = {{Bencaodian Editorial}},
title = {Shuǐ Zhì 水蛭 (Leech) — Hirudo},
year = {2026},
howpublished = {Bencao Dian: A Bilingual Knowledge Graph of Traditional Chinese Medicine},
url = {https://bencaodian.org/zh/herbs/shui-zhi},
urldate = {2026-04-16},
note = {CC BY-SA 4.0}
}© 本草典编辑部 · 按 CC BY-SA 4.0 协议授权
水蛭含水蛭素(直接凝血酶抑制剂)和透明质酸酶,具强效抗凝、抗血栓和改善微循环作用,水蛭素已被开发为重组药物(比伐芦定等)。
Leech contains hirudin (a direct thrombin inhibitor) and hyaluronidase, conferring potent anticoagulant, antithrombotic, and microcirculation-improving effects. Recombinant hirudin derivatives (e.g. bivalirudin) have been developed as pharmaceuticals.
《中国药典》收载水蛭,以抗凝血酶活性为质控指标。
Chinese Pharmacopoeia lists Shuizhi with antithrombin activity as quality marker.
水蛭素为天然直接凝血酶抑制剂,与肝素、华法林等抗凝药合用显著增加出血风险。
Hirudin is a natural direct thrombin inhibitor; concurrent use with heparin or warfarin significantly increases bleeding risk.
本部分信息仅供学术参考,不构成医疗建议。