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破气消积之力峻猛
缓和峻烈之性，长于理气和胃，消食化痰
煎服3–10g，大剂量可用至15–30g（治脏器下垂）；破气消积宜生用，和胃消痞宜麸炒
本平台仅供学术参考，不构成医疗建议。
枳实含辛弗林、N-甲基酪胺等拟交感胺及黄酮类成分，具有促进胃肠蠕动、升压、强心及改善子宫脱垂的作用；心血管疾病及高血压患者慎用。
Citrus aurantium immature fruit contains sympathomimetic amines (synephrine, N-methyltyramine) and flavonoids producing prokinetic, pressor, cardiotonic and uterine/rectal prolapse-reducing effects; caution is warranted in cardiovascular disease and hypertension.
Brinker 警示辛弗林与单胺氧化酶抑制剂及咖啡因合用有心血管风险。
Brinker warns of cardiovascular risk when synephrine is combined with MAO inhibitors or caffeine.
Chen & Chen 引述枳实注射液在中国用于感染性休克升压，具辛弗林拟交感作用基础。
Chen & Chen cite Zhi Shi injection used in China as a pressor in septic shock, mediated by synephrine's sympathomimetic action.
《中国药典》以辛弗林和橙皮苷为含量测定指标。
The Chinese Pharmacopoeia uses synephrine and hesperidin as assay markers.
本部分信息仅供学术参考，不构成医疗建议。
孕妇及脾胃虚弱、气虚者慎用。
破气力强，孕妇及气血虚弱者慎用。大剂量可致胃肠不适。现代研究示其有强心升压作用，过敏者慎用。
味苦，寒。主大风在皮肤中，如麻豆苦痒，除寒热结，止痢，长肌肉，利五脏，益气轻身。
中品
@misc{bencaodian-zhi-shi,
author = {{Bencaodian Editorial}},
title = {Zhǐ Shí 枳实 (Immature Bitter Orange) — Aurantii Fructus Immaturus},
year = {2026},
howpublished = {Bencao Dian: A Bilingual Knowledge Graph of Traditional Chinese Medicine},
url = {https://bencaodian.org/zh/herbs/zhi-shi},
urldate = {2026-04-09},
note = {CC BY-SA 4.0}
}