泻火除烦、清热利湿、凉血解毒力强,多用于热病心烦、湿热黄疸
苦寒之性略减,除烦而不伤中,用于心烦而脾胃不甚虚者
长于凉血止血,用于血热吐衄、尿血
内服煎汤6–10g;外用生品研末调敷治跌打损伤。清热泻火多用生栀子,凉血止血常用焦栀子。
本平台仅供学术参考,不构成医疗建议。
栀子主含栀子苷、藏红花素(crocin)等环烯醚萜及类胡萝卜素成分,具有保肝利胆、解热、抗炎、镇静及降压作用,为清热泻火除烦的药理依据。
Gardenia fruit contains iridoid glycosides (geniposide) and carotenoids (crocin, crocetin) with hepatoprotective, choleretic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, sedative and hypotensive effects, providing the basis for its heat-clearing, fire-draining and restlessness-resolving actions.
《中国药典》以栀子苷为含量测定指标。
The Chinese Pharmacopoeia uses geniposide as the assay marker.
Chen & Chen 引述栀子苷在动物模型中显著降低 ALT 并改善胆汁淤积。
Chen & Chen cite geniposide markedly lowering ALT and improving cholestasis in animal models.
本部分信息仅供学术参考,不构成医疗建议。
脾虚便溏、食少者忌服。栀子苦寒,脾胃虚寒无湿热实火者不宜。
苦寒伤胃,不宜过量或久服。脾虚便溏者忌用。现代研究提示大剂量或长期使用可能影响肝功能,临床应辨证使用、中病即止。
味苦,寒。主五内邪气,胃中热气,面赤酒疱皶鼻,白癞赤癞疮疡。
中品
@misc{bencaodian-zhi-zi,
author = {{Bencaodian Editorial}},
title = {Zhī Zǐ 栀子 (Gardenia Fruit) — Gardeniae Fructus},
year = {2026},
howpublished = {Bencao Dian: A Bilingual Knowledge Graph of Traditional Chinese Medicine},
url = {https://bencaodian.org/zh/herbs/zhi-zi},
urldate = {2026-04-09},
note = {CC BY-SA 4.0}
}