著书立说难，自古已然，遑论医乎？行医治病难，亦从古而然，遑论今乎？余尝读古人脏腑之书，疑其不确。嘉庆二年，至滦州稻地镇，适遇瘟疫，幼孩死者甚多，义冢浅埋，犬食残骸。余每至义冢检视，所见脏腑与古书所绘迥异。后又至奉天行刑之所，亲验尸首，始知前人所论脏腑之位置、形状，多有错谬。因作《脏腑图说》以正之。
今译著书立说自古就难，何况医书？行医治病也从古以来就难，何况今日？我曾读古人论脏腑的书，怀疑其不确切。嘉庆二年，我到滦州稻地镇，适逢瘟疫流行，幼儿死亡很多，义冢浅埋，犬啃食残骸。我每到义冢察看，所见脏腑与古书所绘截然不同。后又到奉天行刑之所，亲自检验尸体，才知道前人所论脏腑的位置与形状，多有讹误。因此作《脏腑图说》以正其误。
Composing books and establishing doctrines has been hard since antiquity — how much more so in medicine? Practicing medicine and treating disease has been hard since antiquity — how much more so today? I once read the ancients' writings on the viscera and doubted their accuracy. In the second year of the Jiaqing reign, I traveled to Daodi in Luanzhou, where pestilence was raging. Children died in great numbers, were buried shallow in pauper graves, and dogs gnawed the remains. Each time I went to inspect those graves, the viscera I saw differed utterly from the drawings in the old books. Later I traveled to the execution grounds of Fengtian and personally examined corpses, and only then did I understand that the positions and shapes of the viscera described by earlier authors were full of errors. This is why I composed the Illustrated Treatise on the Viscera — to correct them.
头痛，胸疼，胸不任物，胸任重物，天亮出汗，食自胸右下，心里热（名曰灯笼病），瞀闷，急躁，夜睡梦多，呃逆日久不愈，饮水即呛，不眠，小儿夜啼，心跳心忙，夜不安，俗言肝气病，干呕，晚发一阵热，凡此诸症，皆血府血瘀之证也。
今译头痛，胸痛，胸中不能容物，胸可任重物，天亮出汗，食物从胸右下坠，心里烦热（俗称灯笼病），胸闷郁结，急躁，夜多梦，久治不愈的呃逆，饮水呛咳，不眠，小儿夜啼，心跳慌乱，夜不安宁，俗称'肝气病'，干呕，入夜发一阵热——这些症状都是血府瘀血的证候。
Headache; chest pain; a chest that cannot bear any object, or a chest that can bear weight; sweating at dawn; food dropping down the right side of the chest; heat within (the so-called 'lantern disease'); oppressive fullness; irritability; many dreams at night; hiccup that has persisted for years without cure; choking on water; insomnia; nocturnal crying in children; racing and flustered heart; nighttime restlessness (what common speech calls 'Liver qi disease'); dry retching; a bout of fever arising at dusk — all these are signs of static blood in the 'Mansion of Blood'.
膈下逐瘀汤 五灵脂炒二钱，当归三钱，川芎二钱，桃仁研泥三钱，丹皮二钱，赤芍二钱，乌药二钱，延胡索一钱，甘草三钱，香附钱半，红花三钱，枳壳钱半。治膈膜以下瘀血所致积块、小儿痞块、肚腹疼痛、卧则腹坠等症。此方以活血祛瘀为主，行气止痛为辅，专攻膈下腹内之瘀血。
今译膈下逐瘀汤：炒五灵脂二钱，当归三钱，川芎二钱，研成泥的桃仁三钱，丹皮二钱，赤芍二钱，乌药二钱，延胡索一钱，甘草三钱，香附一钱半，红花三钱，枳壳一钱半。主治膈膜以下瘀血所致积块、小儿痞块、腹部疼痛、卧则腹部下坠等症。此方以活血祛瘀为主，行气止痛为辅，专攻膈下腹内之瘀血。
Ge Xia Zhu Yu Tang — stir-fried Wu Ling Zhi, two qian; Dang Gui, three qian; Chuan Xiong, two qian; Tao Ren (ground to paste), three qian; Mu Dan Pi, two qian; Chi Shao, two qian; Wu Yao, two qian; Yan Hu Suo, one qian; Gan Cao, three qian; Xiang Fu, one and a half qian; Hong Hua, three qian; and Zhi Qiao, one and a half qian. Treats abdominal masses below the diaphragm caused by static blood, childhood glomus lumps, abdominal pain, and a sensation of sagging in the abdomen when lying down. The formula quickens blood and expels stasis as its main action, with qi-moving and pain-relieving herbs as assistants, specifically targeting static blood within the abdomen below the diaphragm.
此方治半身不遂，口眼歪斜，语言謇涩，口角流涎，大便干燥，小便频数，遗尿不禁。黄芪四两生用，归尾二钱，赤芍一钱半，地龙一钱去土，川芎一钱，桃仁一钱，红花一钱。夫元气亏损，是其本源；气虚不能行血，血瘀脉络，是其标证。故重用黄芪大补元气，使气旺以促血行；归尾、川芎、赤芍活血和营；桃仁、红花祛瘀通络；地龙通经活络。气旺则血行，瘀去则络通——此方之妙在此。
今译此方治疗半身不遂、口眼歪斜、言语謇涩、口角流涎、大便干燥、小便频数、遗尿不禁。生黄芪四两，当归尾二钱，赤芍一钱半，去土地龙一钱，川芎一钱，桃仁一钱，红花一钱。元气亏损是病之本源；气虚不能推动血行，血瘀于脉络是病之标证。所以重用黄芪大补元气，使气旺以推动血行；当归尾、川芎、赤芍活血和营；桃仁、红花祛瘀通络；地龙通经活络。气旺则血行，瘀去则络通——此方之精妙便在此处。
This formula treats hemiplegia, deviated mouth and eyes, slurred speech, drooling from the corner of the mouth, dry stools, frequent urination, and urinary incontinence. Raw Huang Qi, four liang; Dang Gui Wei, two qian; Chi Shao, one and a half qian; Di Long (soil removed), one qian; Chuan Xiong, one qian; Tao Ren, one qian; Hong Hua, one qian. Depletion of the original qi is the root of this disease; qi deficiency failing to move the blood, so that blood stagnates in the vessels and network, is its branch. Therefore a large dose of Huang Qi is used to greatly replenish the original qi, so that ample qi drives the blood onward. Dang Gui Wei, Chuan Xiong, and Chi Shao quicken the blood and harmonize the nutritive. Tao Ren and Hong Hua expel stasis and open the network vessels. Di Long frees the channels and quickens the collaterals. When the qi is vigorous the blood flows, and when the stasis is gone the network vessels open — therein lies the subtlety of this formula.
头发脱落，眼疼白珠红，糟鼻子，耳聋年久，白癜风，紫癜风，紫印脸，青记脸如墨，牙疳，出气臭，妇女干血痨，小儿疳证，皆头面瘀血所致。立通窍活血汤以治之。赤芍一钱，川芎一钱，桃仁三钱研泥，红花三钱，老葱三根切碎，鲜姜三钱切碎，红枣七个去核，麝香五厘绢包。用黄酒半斤，将前七味煎至一钟，去渣，将麝香入酒内，再煎二沸，临卧服。
今译头发脱落、眼痛白睛发红、酒糟鼻、久年耳聋、白癜风、紫癜风、紫印脸、青记如墨、牙疳、口气臭、妇女干血痨、小儿疳积——都是头面瘀血所致。故立通窍活血汤以治之。赤芍一钱，川芎一钱，研成泥的桃仁三钱，红花三钱，老葱三根切碎，鲜姜三钱切碎，红枣七个去核，麝香五厘（用绢包）。用黄酒半斤，先将前七味煎至一钟，去渣，将麝香放入酒内，再煎沸两次，临睡前服。
Hair falling out; eye pain with red sclera; 'wine-dreg' nose; years-long deafness; white bai-dian vitiligo; purple vitiligo; purple-blotched face; dark birthmarks black as ink; gum ulcers; foul breath; dry-blood consumption in women; infantile gan malnutrition — all are caused by static blood in the head and face. Therefore I set forth Tong Qiao Huo Xue Tang to treat them. Chi Shao, one qian; Chuan Xiong, one qian; Tao Ren (ground to paste), three qian; Hong Hua, three qian; three stalks of old scallion, cut up; fresh ginger, three qian, cut up; seven red dates with pits removed; and She Xiang (musk), five li, wrapped in silk. Using half a jin of yellow wine, decoct the first seven ingredients down to one cup, remove the dregs, add the musk to the wine, bring it to a boil twice more, and drink before bed.