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The dried tuber of Gastrodia elata (Orchidaceae). Enters the Liver channel. Sweet and neutral, it both extinguishes internal wind and dispels external wind, making it a key herb for dizziness, headache, convulsions, and wind-stroke regardless of cold/heat or vacuity/repletion presentation.
息风止痉，平肝潜阳之力较强
缓和药性，增强祛风通络之效
煎服3–10g；研末冲服每次1–1.5g。本品久煎或后下均可，无毒峻之虞。
Reference range for non-pregnant adults. Not a personalized prescription. Pregnancy, lactation, and pediatric use require specialist supervision.
Documented interactions exist with the following Western drug classes. Click to view mechanism, severity, and clinical recommendations.
Protective guidance only — when to avoid or use with caution. This block deliberately omits pregnancy, lactation, and pediatric dosing: any such use must be managed by a qualified TCM practitioner or appropriate specialist.
气血虚甚者慎用。津液衰少、血虚、阴虚者，非真有风邪者勿用。
本品药性平和，无毒。但血虚、阴虚而无风邪者慎用，以免助燥伤阴。现代研究偶见过敏反应，应注意观察。
赤箭，味辛，温。主杀鬼精物、蛊毒、恶气。久服益气力，长阴肥健，轻身增年。一名离母，一名鬼督邮。
上品
@misc{bencaodian-tian-ma,
author = {{Bencaodian Editorial}},
title = {Tiān Má 天麻 (Gastrodia Rhizome) — Gastrodiae Rhizoma},
year = {2026},
howpublished = {Bencao Dian: A Bilingual Knowledge Graph of Traditional Chinese Medicine},
url = {https://bencaodian.org/en/herbs/tian-ma},
urldate = {2026-04-17},
note = {CC BY-SA 4.0}
}© Bencaodian Editorial · Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0
天麻主含天麻素及其苷元对羟基苄醇，具有抗惊厥、镇静、改善脑循环及神经保护作用。
Gastrodia rhizome contains gastrodin and its aglycone 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, with anticonvulsant, sedative, cerebral circulation-enhancing and neuroprotective effects.
平肝熄风、止痉通络，主治肝风内动之眩晕、抽搐、头痛。
Calms Liver wind, arrests convulsions, and unblocks channels; principal for Liver-wind vertigo, convulsions and headache.
天麻素注射液及口服制剂在中国广泛用于眩晕和头痛，有临床研究支持。
Gastrodin injection and oral preparations are widely used in China for vertigo and headache with supporting clinical studies.
《中国药典》以天麻素和对羟基苄醇总量（不得少于0.25%）为含量测定指标。
The Chinese Pharmacopoeia requires the combined content of gastrodin plus 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol to be not less than 0.25%.
This section is provided for academic reference only and does not constitute medical advice.