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The dried rhizome of Cyperus rotundus (Cyperaceae). Enters the Liver, Spleen, and Triple Burner channels. Pungent, slightly bitter, slightly sweet, and neutral, it is the key herb for coursing the Liver, relieving constraint, and regulating menstruation. Li Shizhen honored it as the 'Commander-in-Chief of qi diseases and the General of women's medicine.' Commonly paired with chai hu and chuan xiong for Liver-qi stagnation.
偏于行气解郁，多用于胸胁胀痛
引药入肝，增强疏肝止痛之功，为调经止痛常用品
通经脉，多用于妇人经闭、瘀滞
止血，多用于崩漏下血
煎服6–10g。醋炙止痛力增强。
Reference range for non-pregnant adults. Not a personalized prescription. Pregnancy, lactation, and pediatric use require specialist supervision.
Protective guidance only — when to avoid or use with caution. This block deliberately omits pregnancy, lactation, and pediatric dosing: any such use must be managed by a qualified TCM practitioner or appropriate specialist.
气虚无滞、阴虚血热者慎用。月经先期属血热者不宜。
现代研究未见明显毒性。气虚及阴虚血热者不宜单用，宜配伍补益或凉血之品。
治一切气疾，心腹胀满，胸膈噎塞，噫气吞酸，胃中痰逆呕吐及宿酒不解，不思饮食，香附子、缩砂仁、甘草为末，名快气汤。
@misc{bencaodian-xiang-fu,
author = {{Bencaodian Editorial}},
title = {Xiāng Fù 香附 (Cyperus Rhizome) — Cyperi Rhizoma},
year = {2026},
howpublished = {Bencao Dian: A Bilingual Knowledge Graph of Traditional Chinese Medicine},
url = {https://bencaodian.org/en/herbs/xiang-fu},
urldate = {2026-04-17},
note = {CC BY-SA 4.0}
}© Bencaodian Editorial · Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0
香附挥发油富含 α-香附酮等倍半萜类成分，具有解痉、镇痛、轻度雌激素样及抗炎作用，为传统调经止痛的主要活性基础。
Cyperus rhizome volatile oil is rich in sesquiterpenes such as alpha-cyperone, which confer smooth-muscle antispasmodic, analgesic, mild estrogenic and anti-inflammatory activities underlying its classical use for menstrual regulation and pain.
香附被称为『气病之总司，女科之主帅』，调理气机为其核心作用。
Bensky describes Xiang Fu as chief herb for qi disorders and gynecology, emphasizing its qi-regulating role.
药理研究提示香附具雌激素样作用，与其治疗妇科气滞证候的经验相符。
Chen & Chen note estrogen-like activity in pharmacological studies, consistent with empirical use in qi-stagnation gynecologic patterns.
《中国药典》规定以挥发油含量及 α-香附酮为质量控制指标。
The Chinese Pharmacopoeia uses volatile oil content and alpha-cyperone as quality markers.
This section is provided for academic reference only and does not constitute medical advice.