活血祛瘀,引血下行,利水通淋
增强活血通经、补肝肾、强筋骨之力,多用于风湿痹痛、腰膝酸软
引药入肾,增强补肝肾、强筋骨之功,多用于肝肾亏虚
煎服常用5–12g;引血下行多用15g。怀牛膝偏补肝肾、强筋骨;川牛膝偏活血通经、祛风利湿。
本平台仅供学术参考,不构成医疗建议。
怀牛膝与川牛膝含蜕皮甾酮、三萜皂苷与多糖,现代研究显示其具有抗炎、免疫调节、促骨形成及改善微循环作用,对应传统活血、补肝肾、强筋骨之功。
Achyranthes/Cyathula root contains phytoecdysteroids, triterpenoid saponins, and polysaccharides, with preclinical data on anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, osteogenic, and microcirculation-enhancing effects that parallel its traditional blood-moving and liver-kidney tonifying use.
Bensky 强调怀牛膝长于补益,川牛膝偏于活血,孕妇禁用。
Bensky distinguishes Huai-niu-xi (tonifying emphasis) from Chuan-niu-xi (blood-moving emphasis) and contraindicates both in pregnancy.
Chen & Chen 记载蜕皮甾酮在动物模型中显示促蛋白合成与保护软骨细胞作用。
Chen & Chen cite ecdysterone's anabolic and chondroprotective effects in animal models.
本部分信息仅供学术参考,不构成医疗建议。
孕妇禁用。月经过多者及梦遗滑精者忌用。中气下陷者慎用(其性下行)。
孕妇禁用,有兴奋子宫作用。怀牛膝(河南焦作产)补益力胜,川牛膝(四川产)活血力强,临床应分别使用。其性下行,不宜用于中气下陷、阴虚火旺而无瘀滞者。
味苦,酸。主寒湿痿痹,四肢拘挛,膝痛不可屈伸,逐血气,伤热火烂,堕胎。
上品
@misc{bencaodian-niu-xi,
author = {{Bencaodian Editorial}},
title = {Niú Xī 牛膝 (Achyranthes Root) — Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix},
year = {2026},
howpublished = {Bencao Dian: A Bilingual Knowledge Graph of Traditional Chinese Medicine},
url = {https://bencaodian.org/zh/herbs/niu-xi},
urldate = {2026-04-09},
note = {CC BY-SA 4.0}
}