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The dried bark of Phellodendron chinense (Rutaceae). Enters the Kidney and Bladder channels. Bitter and cold, it is the key herb for clearing lower-burner damp-heat and withdrawing vacuity heat to firm yin. Paired with zhi mu for enriching yin and downbearing fire in Zhi Bai Di Huang Wan; paired with cang zhu for clearing heat and drying dampness in Er Miao San.
清热燥湿、泻火解毒力强，用于湿热下注、疮毒
引药下行入肾，善退虚热、坚阴止遗，用于阴虚火旺、骨蒸盗汗
清湿热而兼止血，用于湿热便血、崩漏
内服煎汤3–12g；外用适量，研末调敷或煎水浸洗。清湿热用生品，退虚热宜盐水炒。
Reference range for non-pregnant adults. Not a personalized prescription. Pregnancy, lactation, and pediatric use require specialist supervision.
Protective guidance only — when to avoid or use with caution. This block deliberately omits pregnancy, lactation, and pediatric dosing: any such use must be managed by a qualified TCM practitioner or appropriate specialist.
苦寒伤胃，脾胃虚寒者慎用或忌用。凡无湿热实火及阴虚无火者禁服。
苦寒，脾胃虚寒者慎用。久服或大量使用恐伤脾阳、损耗津液。孕妇慎用。现代研究提示其活性成分小檗碱对肝肾功能的长期影响应予注意。
味苦，寒。主五脏肠胃中结热，黄疸，肠痔，止泄痢，女子漏下赤白，阴阳蚀疮。
中品
@misc{bencaodian-huang-bai,
author = {{Bencaodian Editorial}},
title = {Huáng Bǎi 黄柏 (Phellodendron Bark) — Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex},
year = {2026},
howpublished = {Bencao Dian: A Bilingual Knowledge Graph of Traditional Chinese Medicine},
url = {https://bencaodian.org/en/herbs/huang-bai},
urldate = {2026-04-17},
note = {CC BY-SA 4.0}
}© Bencaodian Editorial · Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0
黄柏主含异喹啉类生物碱（小檗碱、巴马汀、黄柏碱）与柠檬苦素，药理示其抗菌、抗炎、降糖、降压、抑制醛糖还原酶与免疫调节作用。
Huangbai contains isoquinoline alkaloids (berberine, palmatine, phellodendrine) and limonoids; pharmacology shows antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, antihypertensive, aldose-reductase inhibitory and immunomodulatory effects.
《中国药典》以小檗碱作为含量测定指标；收载川黄柏（Phellodendron chinense）与关黄柏（P. amurense）。
Chinese Pharmacopoeia uses berberine as the assay marker and lists Phellodendron chinense (chuan huangbai) and P. amurense (guan huangbai).
小檗碱可置换胆红素并抑制 UGT1A1，新生儿及孕晚期禁用以防核黄疸；与环孢素、大环内酯类等经 CYP3A4 代谢药物相互作用。
Berberine displaces bilirubin and inhibits UGT1A1; contraindicated in neonates and late pregnancy due to kernicterus risk; interacts with CYP3A4 substrates (cyclosporine, macrolides).
脾胃虚寒者忌用；盐黄柏入下焦，用于肾阴虚火旺。
Avoid in spleen-stomach cold-vacuity; salt-fried form targets lower burner for kidney yin-vacuity fire.
This section is provided for academic reference only and does not constitute medical advice.