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The dried root and rhizome of Panax ginseng (Araliaceae). Enters the Spleen, Lung, Heart, and Kidney channels. Sweet, slightly bitter, and warm, it powerfully supplements original qi, rescues from collapse, and tonifies the Spleen and Lung. Honored as the 'King of Herbs,' it is the first-choice medicinal for rescuing devastated qi, as in Du Shen Tang (Solitary Ginseng Decoction).
性较平和，补气生津，适用于气阴两伤
性偏温，补阳益气，适用于阳虚气弱、久病体虚
一般煎服3–9g，宜文火另煎兑服；研末吞服1–2g
Reference range for non-pregnant adults. Not a personalized prescription. Pregnancy, lactation, and pediatric use require specialist supervision.
独参汤、参附汤等古方载用于元气虚脱、肢冷脉微之急症。
Classical formulae such as Du Shen Tang and Shen Fu Tang are recorded for acute qi collapse with cold extremities and faint pulse.
古籍记载急救虚脱可用 15–30g 浓煎顿服。此为历史文献剂量记录，仅供学术参考；现代急重症须由合格医师在医疗机构处置，不得以本条目为临床依据。
Documented interactions exist with the following Western drug classes. Click to view mechanism, severity, and clinical recommendations.
Use during pregnancy requires assessment by a qualified TCM practitioner. Red ginseng is warming and may aggravate heat patterns; do not self-administer.
Limited lactation data; use only under qualified practitioner supervision.
Children require specialist dosing. Do not self-administer ginseng to children; any pediatric use must be assessed by a qualified TCM practitioner or pediatrician.
Protective guidance only — when to avoid or use with caution. This block deliberately omits pregnancy, lactation, and pediatric dosing: any such use must be managed by a qualified TCM practitioner or appropriate specialist.
不宜与藜芦同用（十八反），不宜与五灵脂同用（十九畏）。服用期间不宜饮茶及食萝卜（减效）。实证、热证而正气不虚者忌服。
滥用可致人参滥用综合征（高血压、失眠、神经过敏、腹泻、皮疹）。高血压、实热证及新感外邪者忌服。与华法林合用可能降低其抗凝效果。
味甘，微寒。主补五脏，安精神，定魂魄，止惊悸，除邪气，明目开心益智。久服轻身延年。
上品
@misc{bencaodian-ren-shen,
author = {{Bencaodian Editorial}},
title = {Rén Shēn 人参 (Ginseng Root) — Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma},
year = {2026},
howpublished = {Bencao Dian: A Bilingual Knowledge Graph of Traditional Chinese Medicine},
url = {https://bencaodian.org/en/herbs/ren-shen},
urldate = {2026-04-17},
note = {CC BY-SA 4.0}
}© Bencaodian Editorial · Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0
人参主含人参皂苷（Rb1、Rg1、Rg3 等）及多糖，为典型的适应原药物，现代研究涉及抗疲劳、免疫调节、神经保护、降血糖等；并有显著的药物-药物相互作用（CYP 酶、华法林）需关注。
Panax ginseng contains ginsenosides (Rb1, Rg1, Rg3, etc.) and panaxan polysaccharides. It is a classical adaptogen with preclinical and clinical research on fatigue, immunomodulation, neuroprotection, and glucose regulation; clinically significant drug interactions (CYP enzymes, warfarin) require attention.
WHO 专著 Radix Ginseng 收录其用于体虚、疲劳及恢复期的适应证，并记载失眠、高血压的慎用情况。
WHO monograph on Radix Ginseng lists indications for debility, fatigue, and convalescence, noting cautions in insomnia and hypertension.
《草药禁忌》（Brinker）指出人参可经 CYP3A4/2D6 影响药物代谢，并可能降低华法林的抗凝效果；与 MAOI（苯乙肼）有病例报告不良反应。
Brinker notes Panax ginseng may alter drug metabolism via CYP3A4/2D6 and has been reported to reduce warfarin's anticoagulant effect; case reports describe adverse reactions with MAOIs (phenelzine).
Chen & Chen 记载 Rg1 偏兴奋，Rb1 偏镇静，临床反映其「双向调节」特性。
Chen & Chen note that Rg1 tends to be stimulating while Rb1 is sedating, supporting the clinical impression of bidirectional regulation.
This section is provided for academic reference only and does not constitute medical advice.