温病者,有风温,有温热,有温疫,有温毒,有暑温,有湿温,有秋燥,有冬温,有温疟。
今译温病的种类有:风温、温热、温疫、温毒、暑温、湿温、秋燥、冬温、温疟,共九种。
Warm diseases include: wind-warmth, warmth-heat, warmth-pestilence, warmth-toxin, summer-warmth, damp-warmth, autumn-dryness, winter-warmth, and warmth-malaria — nine categories in all.
银翘散证
The Yin Qiao San Pattern
上焦篇 · 第四条
太阴风温、温热、温疫、冬温,初起恶风寒者,桂枝汤主之;但热不恶寒而渴者,辛凉平剂银翘散主之。
今译手太阴肺经所主的风温、温热、温疫、冬温等病,初起如见恶风寒者,用桂枝汤主治;若只发热、不恶寒而口渴者,为温邪已入肺卫,宜用辛凉平剂银翘散主治。
In Taiyin wind-warmth, warmth-heat, warmth-pestilence, and winter-warmth, if at onset the patient dislikes wind and cold, Gui Zhi Tang governs; if there is only heat without aversion to cold, accompanied by thirst, the acrid-cool balanced formula Yin Qiao San governs.
桑菊饮证
The Sang Ju Yin Pattern
上焦篇 · 第十六条
太阴风温,但咳,身不甚热,微渴者,辛凉轻剂桑菊饮主之。
今译手太阴肺经所主的风温病,如果仅见咳嗽,身热不甚,略有口渴,这是温邪在上焦肺络较浅,宜用辛凉轻剂桑菊饮主治。
In Taiyin wind-warmth, when there is only cough, fever is not marked, and thirst is slight, the acrid-cool light formula Sang Ju Yin governs.
面目俱赤,语声重浊,呼吸俱粗,大便闭,小便涩,舌苔老黄,甚则黑有芒刺,但恶热,不恶寒,日晡益甚者,传至中焦,阳明温病也。脉浮洪躁甚者,白虎汤主之。
今译面部与眼睛俱红,声音重浊,呼吸粗大,大便秘结,小便涩少,舌苔老黄,甚至发黑并生芒刺,只怕热不怕冷,午后申时加重,这是温邪已传入中焦,属阳明温病。如脉见浮大洪数、躁动甚者,用白虎汤主治。
When face and eyes are both red, the voice is heavy and muffled, breathing is coarse, bowels are blocked, urine is scant and difficult, the tongue coating is old yellow — in severe cases turning black with prickles — with aversion only to heat and not to cold, worsening in the late afternoon, the pathogen has been transmitted to the middle burner: this is Yangming warm disease. When the pulse is floating, surging, and agitated, Bai Hu Tang governs.
风温、温热、温疫、温毒、冬温,邪在阳明久羁,或已下,或未下,身热面赤,口干舌燥,甚则齿黑唇裂,脉沉实者,仍可下之;脉虚大,手足心热甚于手足背者,加减复脉汤主之。
今译风温、温热、温疫、温毒、冬温等病,温邪久留阳明,或已下过,或尚未攻下,见身热面赤、口干舌燥,甚至齿色发黑、口唇干裂,若脉沉实有力者,仍可用下法;若脉虚大无力、手足心热甚于手足背(真阴亏损的见症),则当用加减复脉汤滋阴润燥。
In wind-warmth, warmth-heat, warmth-pestilence, warmth-toxin, and winter-warmth, when the pathogen has lingered long in Yangming — whether purging has already been used or not — with body heat, red face, dry mouth and tongue, even blackened teeth and cracked lips: if the pulse is sunken and forceful, purging may still be used; if the pulse is vacuous yet large and the centers of the palms and soles are hotter than their backs, Jia Jian Fu Mai Tang governs.